somatic nervous system definition psychology

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The parasympathetic nervous system – The parasympathetic nervous system acts as a counter to this function, by slowing down the body after a period of activity.

The sympathetic nervous system – The sympathetic nervous system often acts as a mobilizing agent that prepares the body for action by engaging in functions such as elevating heart rate and increasing respiration.

The autonomic nervous system can be further broken down into two sub-systems: The autonomic nervous system is regulated in an area called the medulla oblongata which is a part of the lower brainstem. For example, people cannot choose to alter their heart rate or blood pressure. Some portions of the system, however, are not under conscious control. When people do not actively choose to control these functions, however, the autonomic nervous system takes over and controls them. For example, people can choose to hold their breath or swallow rapidly. Although primarily unconscious, many aspects of the autonomic nervous system can come under conscious control. It controls vital body functions such as heart rate, swallowing, breathing, digestion, and arousal. The autonomic nervous system is included in the peripheral system and is largely unconscious.

#Somatic nervous system definition psychology how to

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#Somatic nervous system definition psychology software

Practice Management Software for Therapists.Uses 'receptor' cells that are located in (the) skin. Thermoception: somatic sense for warmth and or cold. The perception of objects that we grasp and manipulate or that contact the body. Hapsis: the perception of fine touch and pressure. When these channels open, (they)… initiate the nerve “impulse.” (Kolb, 136) Also referred to as 'tactile perception.'

#Somatic nervous system definition psychology series

When a hair is mechanically displaced, the “dendrite” encircling it is stretched, initiating the opening of a series of stretch-sensitive “channels” in the dendrite’s membrane. Some hairs are sensitive to displacement in one direction only, whereas others respond to displacement in any direction. (Oxford) Each hair on the human body is very sensitive to touch, allowing us to detect an even very slight displacement. The sensation produced by touching something. Touch: the faculty of perceiving by physical contact with the body. (OxfordMed) Perception of (the) shape and form of objects by touch, via tactile stimuli. Stereognosis: the ability to recognize the three-dimensional shape of an object by touch alone. Posterior Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway: conveys proprioception, vibration sense, and fine, discriminative touch. (Blumenfeld, 276) Has a 'somatotopic' organization in which the feet are most laterally represented (Blumenfeld, 280) (Kandel, 79)Īnterolateral Pathway: conveys pain, temperature sense, and crude touch. (Blakeslee, 8) In a sensory pathway, information is transmitted from the first sensory neuron to specific and specialized neurons in the 'spinal cord' or in the brain. The evolutionarily newer one carries 'fine touch' information, position and location. One, evolutionarily older, carries pain, temperature, itch, tickle, sexual sensation, and 'crude touch' inputs. Somatic Pathways: there are two main pathways for somatic sensation leading from “somatosensory receptors” through the “thalamus,” to the “primary somatosensory cortex.” (Blumenfeld, 276) Two major pathways in the 'spinal cord' carry 'inputs' from somatosensory receptors to the brain. (Kandel4, 60) When you learn a new sport, you re-hone this body sense through practice. (Blakeslee, 9) Without proprioception, we would be unable to point to an area of our body with our eyes closed or take a step without looking at our feet. (Patestas, 137) Somatic sense of (the) body's position and motion in space. (Mitchell, 135) Conveys information about position sense from the body and its component parts.

Relies on (a) set of specialized nerve fibers that innervate the joints and muscles. (Kolb, 371) (The) sense (of) things inside our own bodies, especially the positions of our joints and muscles in space and the tension they are under. Proprioception: perception of the position and movement of the body, limbs, and head. (Blakeslee, 8) The stimulus-response process involving the stimulation of peripheral pain-carrying nerve fibers and the transmission of impulses along peripheral nerves of the “central nervous system,” where the stimulus is perceived as pain. (Patestas, 137) The ability to read and interpret sensations arising from the 'viscera' and internal tissues of (the) body. Interoception: relays information about the body's internal state. (Patestas, 137) The ability to perceive the world outside the self.

Exteroception: replays sensory information about the body's interaction with the external environment.